Innovative renewable energy solutions for the sustainability of Egypt's aquaculture (arabic)

Citation

Alaaeldin Baioumi, Malcolm Dickson, Ahmed Nasr-Allah, Mohamed Fathi. (31/12/2024). Innovative renewable energy solutions for the sustainability of Egypt's aquaculture (arabic). Bayan Lepas, Malaysia: WorldFish (WorldFish).

The rapid growth of the tilapia aquaculture sector in Egypt over recent decades has provided an important source of nutrition, income and economic activity for fish farms, feed mills and communities. However, this important industry faces a number of threats, including those caused by climate change. In June 2023, WorldFish partnered with the Royal Norwegian Embassy in Cairo to establish the Center for Renewable Energy in Aquaculture (CeREA) project to refine, test and scale innovative renewable energy solutions over a 4-year period. The project commissioned a baseline scoping study to identify critical factors, map key stakeholders and recommend opportunities for adoption of technologies. The study carried out field data collection by interviewing fish farmers, retailers, feed companies and other important stakeholders, such as renewable energy technology companies. Field data was compiled and analyzed along with the results from focus group discussions and key informant interviews (KIIs). The scoping study highlighted that very few fish farms currently make use of renewable energy technologies. Most depend on diesel-powered pumps to move water through their ponds, and many are not connected to the electricity grid. There has been little capital investment in Egyptian fish farm zones, as land has usually been leased for short time periods and farmers are discouraged from building permanent structures. Farmers generally understand the potential for renewable energy to reduce their operating costs but are worried about the installation costs for renewable energy systems. Short lease periods also mean that that they would prefer transportable systems that could be moved to a new site, if required. Service providers of renewable energy solutions are keen to provide appropriate technologies but they lack basic information about the aquaculture business. Their most widely applied system for agriculture in Egypt is solar power for pumping water. Other technologies such as biogas, wind turbines and hydrogen would need more research. Finance could be provided for green technologies through existing banks and microfinance institutions, while NGOs could also play a role. The main conclusion from the study is that there is a clear case for increased use of renewable energy in Egyptian aquaculture. It also has the potential to significantly reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) footprint of the sector. However, there has been very little capital investment in Egyptian fish farms because of short lease periods. There is also little space available for deployment of solar panels while access to night-time renewable electricity supplies would need additional investment in battery systems. Companies supplying solar and battery technologies as well as financing institutions are already operating in Egypt, but they need to better understand the specific needs of the sector. The study support the on-farm testing of various renewable energy technologies by the project to build the case for more widespread adoption by the sector. Women working in retailing and processing activities of the value chain face difficulties in transporting and marketing fish. The study suggest the use of a portable solar vending with chest cooler/freezer could alleviate some of their challenges. The study recommended the 10 most promising, commercially viable, gender-transformative and climate smart renewable energy solutions for the Egyptian aquaculture value chain, including a ranked list. These solutions aim to enhance performance, strengthen resilience and reduce GHG emissions.

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